hematuria : blood in urine
The production of urine from the kidney is one of the most basic body functions. In urine, the body cleansed of toxins and unwanted substances. At the same time, check the concentration of constituents of body fluids. The substances excreted by the kidney are end products of metabolism such as urea, creatinine, uric acid, uric salts and remove substances that are abundant in the blood, such as water, sodium, potassium, chlorine, hydrogen.
Urine, not normally contain blood and this is due both to the properties of normal blood, and the special construction of the renal filter, which, while cleansing the blood, does not allow to pass urine. However, some people have hematuria or hematuria episodes, which are due to inherited anatomical variant.
Finding more than three whole blood erythrocytes on microscopic examination of urine, taken properly at high magnification with special microscopes, medically called hematuria. The hematuria often appears 'by eye' has no way of alignment and symptoms found in urine analysis to check up. Must be eliminated at least one ml of blood per liter to cause visible change in color to naturally clear urine. In this case, urine stained pink, red, brown or black.
When the urine is pink, red, brown or black, it is important to determine if the color is actually in the presence of blood or due to presence of other pigments (eg myoglobin, hemoglobin, the pigment from beets, porphyrins, receiving chloroquine). During the medical examination is also important to determine if it is a colonization of urine from the blood season and not true hematuria.
The pathological diseases and pathological factors that cause hematuria are divided into three categories:
Diseases of the urinary system (eg carcinoma, urinary stones, prostate disorders).
Systemic diseases (eg infectious diseases, the sickling of red, diabetes).
Drugs (eg anticoagulants, certain antibiotics, analgesics).
Findings from the proper medical examination of the patient have a central role in the individual assessment of hematuria and in setting the examinations required in each case.
